| Guanting 官亭镇 |
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| — Town — | |
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Guanting
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| Coordinates: | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Qinghai |
| Prefecture | Haidong |
| Counties of the People's Republic of China | Minhe |
| Elevation | 1,822 m (5,978 ft) |
| Time zone | China Standard (UTC+8) |
| Postal code | |
Guanting (Chinese: 官亭; pinyin: Guāntíng) is a town in eastern Qinghai province, People's Republic of China.[1] It is located in the southeast of Minhe County and, together with Guanting, Zhongchuan, Xiakou, Gangou and Xin'er townships, is referred to as the Guanting Area (官亭地区).
It is the home to the most densely populated Xianbei settlement in China, who refer to the area as "Sanchuan" (三川). Whereas they have been referred to as "Monguor" in the West, they were classified as "Tu Zu" in China.
The official Chinese name for the area is Guanting (官亭). Local legends accounted that the name came from the famous general, Guan Yu (关羽), who stopped by in the area on his way to look for his sworn brother, Liu Bei, the founder of the Shu Han Kingdom (221-263) in the southwest, after having left Cao Cao of the Cao Wei Kingdom (220-265) in China proper. The Chinese name "Guan" in Guanting came from the last name of Guan Yu, whereas "Ting" came from the Chinese character for "stop" (停) or "pavilion" (亭).
The informal reference by the local residents of the Xianbei is "Sanchuan" (三川), which literally means “Three Plains” and applies to the Upper, Middle, and Lower plains according to the geographic features marked by two seasonable rivers that flow from the north to the south into the Yellow River and divides the area. The Upper Plain, or Shangchuan, refers to the Zhaomuchuan Village of Guanting Township. The Middle Plain, or Zhongchuan, encloses Zhongchuan Township, which is separated from the Upper Plain by the Zhaomuchuan River. The Lower Plain refers to the Xiakou Township on the exit of the Yellow River that flows out of Qinghai into Gansu.
The area is the homeland of the most densely populated Xianbei settlement, who are known as “Monguor” in the West and as “Tu Zu” in China. About three hundred Xianbei villages are densely distributed on the north bank of the Yellow River, which have been administered into about one hundred executive political villages by the Chinese Government.
Up until recently, the area has very much existed as an independent kingdom, where everyone spoke their native Xianbei language and which enabled the preservation of most intact Xianbei culture, characterized by Nadun[2][3]., elaborate wedding[4][5] and funeral ceremonies Stuart, Kevin and Jun Hu (1992). "Death and funerals among the Minhe Tu (Monguor)." Asian Folklore Studies 51: 67-88.</ref>, and rich religious lives.[6][7]
Archaeological discoveries[8] and historical research indicated that the area is the homeland of the legendary Emperor Yü the Great, who established the Xia Dynasty (2070 B.C.-1600 B.C.), the first ever recorded dynasty in the ancient Chinese history.[9][10][11][12]
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